PENGARUH VARIASI TEMPERATUR PACK CARBURIZING MEDIA ARANG KULIT DURIAN TERHADAP SIFAT KEKERASAN DAN KEAUSAN BAJA AISI 1020
Keywords:
Pack carburizing, AISI 1020, hardness, wear resistance, durian shell charcoal.Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effect of pack carburizing temperature variations on the hardness and wear resistance of AISI 1020 steel using durian shell charcoal as the carbon source, combined with calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) as an activating agent. The carburizing temperatures applied were 850°C, 900°C, and 950°C, with a holding time of 2 hours. The tests conducted included the Vickers hardness test and a pin-on-disk wear test performed without lubricant. The results show that variations in pack carburizing temperature significantly influence the hardness improvement of AISI 1020 steel. The average hardness increased from 119.37 VHN for the untreated material to 136.44 VHN at 850°C, 149.26 VHN at 900°C, and reached the highest value of 157.11 VHN at 950°C. This increase in hardness is attributed to the more intensive carbon diffusion process occurring at higher carburizing temperatures. Furthermore, the wear resistance of the material improved with increasing carburizing temperature. The total wear volume decreased from 107.59 mm³ for the untreated specimen to 85.44 mm³ at 850°C, 67.22 mm³ at 900°C, and 52.53 mm³ at 950°C. The best wear factor was obtained at 950°C, with a value of 0.0633 mm³/N·km. Therefore, a temperature of 950°C is considered the optimum condition for the pack carburizing process using durian shell charcoal and CaCO₃, as it enhances both the hardness and wear resistance of AISI 1020 steel.
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